Design Miro's Real-Time Collaborative Whiteboard

Problem Design Miro's core: a real-time whiteboard handling thousands of simultaneous edits and live presence/cursors.

Functional requirements

• Many users edit shapes on a shared board live.
• Conflict-free concurrent edits.
• Presence and live cursors.
• Infinite canvas; large boards render fast.

Non-functional requirements

• Thousands of concurrent editors per board.
• Low-latency sync.
• No lost edits.

Areas to go deep

• Conflict resolution for concurrent edits.
• Real-time transport for edits and presence.
• Spatial partitioning, client rendering, and persistence/snapshots.